An allegory of the Republic

Marianne personifies the French Republic: she is a symbolic representation, not a single historical person. Her image appears notably in town halls and on certain official materials.

The Phrygian cap

Marianne is often depicted wearing a Phrygian cap, which is associated with liberty and became a revolutionary symbol. Depictions of her can vary across periods and artists.

Key points for the exam

Marianne represents the Republic; her cap symbolizes liberty. This figure must be distinguished from the motto, the flag and the national anthem.